Zero-day vulnerability in Windows

Improper input validation
CVE-2012-0181

According to Trustwave this is a zero-day.
A private exploit has been developed by Cr4sh and been published 2 weeks after the advisory.

CVE-2012-0181 fixes an issue alluded to on exploitdb site on Nov. 21, 2011, fixed July 10, 2012.

Vulnerability details

Advisory: SB2012050801 - Multiple vulnerabilities in Microsoft Windows

Vulnerable component: Windows

CVE-ID: CVE-2012-0181

CVSSv3 score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:F/RL:O/RC:C

CWE-ID: CWE-20 - Improper input validation

Description:

The vulnerability allows a local user to obtain elevated privileges on the target system.

The vulnerability exists due to improper managing of Keyboard Layout files by the kernel-mode driver (win32k.sys). A local attacker can execute arbitrary code on vulnerable system with SYSTEM privileges.

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability will allow the local attacker to obtain elevated privileges on vulnerable system.

Note: the vulnerability was being actively exploited.

Public Exploits:

- Microsoft Windows XP - Keyboard Layouts Pool Corruption LPE PoC (MS12-034) [Exploit-DB]

External links:

https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/security/ms12-034
https://blogs.technet.microsoft.com/srd/2012/05/08/ms12-034-duqu-ten-cves-and-removing-keyboard-layo...
https://www.symantec.com/security_response/vulnerability.jsp?bid=53326
http://www.zdnet.com/article/linux-trailed-windows-in-patching-zero-days-in-2012-report-says/
https://www.trustwave.com/Resources/Library/Documents/2013-Trustwave-Global-Security-Report/?dl=1

About zero-day vulnerabilities

Zero-day vulnerability is an undisclosed vulnerability in software that hackers can exploit to compromise computer programs, gain unauthorized access to sensitive data, penetrate networks, etc. We consider vulnerability a zero-day when there is no solution provided from software vendor and the vulnerability is being actively exploited by malicious actors.

Zero-day candidate is a potential zero-day vulnerability in software which might have been used in targeted attacks, however there is no evidence to support this suggestion.