Zero-day vulnerability in Windows

Heap-based buffer overflow
CVE-2025-21333

Vulnerability details

Advisory: SB2025011444 - Multiple privilege escalation vulnerabilities in Microsoft Windows Hyper-V NT Kernel Integration VSP

Vulnerable component: Windows

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-21333

CVSSv3 score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:H/RL:O/RC:C

CWE-ID: CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow

Description:

The vulnerability allows a local user to escalate privileges on the system.

The vulnerability exists due to a boundary error in Windows Hyper-V NT Kernel Integration VSP component. A local user can trigger a heap-based buffer overflow and execute arbitrary code with SYSTEM privileges.

Note, the vulnerability is being actively exploited in the wild.

External links:

https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/advisory/CVE-2025-21333



About zero-day vulnerabilities

Zero-day vulnerability is an undisclosed vulnerability in software that hackers can exploit to compromise computer programs, gain unauthorized access to sensitive data, penetrate networks, etc. We consider vulnerability a zero-day when there is no solution provided from software vendor and the vulnerability is being actively exploited by malicious actors.

Zero-day candidate is a potential zero-day vulnerability in software which might have been used in targeted attacks, however there is no evidence to support this suggestion.